Concrete mold



'J. G. M KENNA (Pet. 7 1924. k

CONCRETE MOLD 4 Sheets-Sheet 1 Filed Dec. 24. 1920 J.- G. MCKENNACONCRETE MOLD Oct. 7 1924. 1,511,087

Filed Dec. 24. 1920' 4 Sheets-Sheet 2 Oct. 7 1924;

J.'G. M KENNA CONCRETE MOLD 4 Sheets-Sheet 3 Filed Dec. 24. 1920 M 7mm"Oct. 7 ,1924. v 1,511,087

J. G. M KENNA CONCRETE MOLD Filed Dec. 24. 1920 4 Sheets-Sheet 4Patented Oct. 7, 1924.

UNITED STATES JOHN G. MCKENNA, OF MADISON. WISCONSIN.

CONCRETE MOLD.

Application filed December 24, 1920.

T 0 all whom it may concern:

Be it known that 1, JOHN G. MOKENNA, a citizen of the United States, anda resident of Madison, in the county of Dane and State of lVisconsin,have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Concrete Molds, ofwhich the following is a specification.

This invention relates to molds for making concrete structures,particularly walls for buildings.

As is well known, when the walls of buildings are made of solid masonry,any considerable difference between the temperature inside and outsideof the building as in the case of a heated house in cold weather will,on account of the conductivity of sucli solid walls, producecondensation or sweating on the inside of the walls, thus rendering thehouse damp, disagreeable and unhealthful.

This objectionable condition can be remedied by making the walls hollow,thus providing dead air spaces in the walls, which by interposing amedium of low conductivity, will prevent the sections of the walls atthe inner sides of said air spaces from becoming chilled, with attendantcondensation, dampness etc.

The object of the present invention is to provide an improved mold formaking concrete walls having dead air spaces.

To this end, a mold of my invention comprises the various features,combinations of features and details of construction hereinafterdescribed and claimed.

In the accompanying drawings in which my invention is fully illustrated.

Figure 1 is a top plan view of a section of a mold of my invention,designed and adapted for making hollow concrete walls, shown assembledand ready for use.

Figure 2 is a side elevation thereof.

Figure 3 is an enlarged sectional view on the lines 33 of Figs. 1 and 2,showing the mold filled with concrete.

Figure 4 is an enlarged sectional tion on the line 44 of Fig. 1.

Figure 5 is an enlarged sectional tion on the line 5--5 of Fig. 1.

Figure 6 is a transverse sectional view illustrating the application ofmy improved mold for forming an upper section of wall.

Figure 7 is an enlarged, framentary, detail view illustrating means forsupporting the lower edges of the mold section in the position shown inFig. 6.

elevaeleva- Serial No. 432,971.

Figure 8 is an enlarged fragmentary, detailed sectional view on the line8--8 of Fig. 6.

Figure 9 is a detached, fragmentary, per spective View illustrating adetail of con-- struction.

Figure 10 is a view, substantially similar to Fig. 6, illustrating amodified construction.

Figures 11, 12 and 13 are, respectively, enlarged side, top plan and endviews of the spacing member for securing the inner mold walls inposition; and

Figures 14 and 15 are, respectively, enlarge-d top plan and end views ofthe brackets shown in Fig. 10 for supporting the shores for the moldwalls.

In Figures 3 and 6 of the drawings, 1 have, for purposes of definite andconcrete illustration, shown a wall of the character which my improvedmold is especially de signed and adapted for making, designated as awhole A, said wall comprising separate sections a, a separated by a deadair space a In practice, said walls of the building will preferably bemade in superposed sections.

In accordance with my invention, my improved mold consists of inner andouter walls 1 and 2 and intermediate walls 3 and said intermediate wallsbeing supported in spaced relation with reference to each other and alsowith reference to the walls 1 and'Q adjacent thereto, respectively, thespaces between the walls 1 and 3 and 2 and 4 defining the spaces whichreceive the concrete for forming the wall sections a, a and the walls 3and 4 defining the dead air space a The walls of said mold may be madeof any usual or suitable material, being preferably made of boards orplanks of suitable thickness to afford requisite strength, rigidly connected in any usual or desired manner. Means for thus connecting saidboards or planks can readily be supplied by persons of ordinary skilland need not, therefore, be shown or described in detail. Each of theouter walls 1 and 2 of said mold consists of a plurality of sections orpanels. designated 6, and each of the intermediate walls 3 and 4consists of a plurality of sections or panels 7, said sections orpanels'6 and '4' being made of such size that they may be convenientlyhandled on the job. In order to keep the size and. Weight of the moldsections or panels 6 and 7 to a desired minimum, my inventioncontemplates forming the walls A of the building in a plurality ofsuperposed sections.

The mold sections 6 and 7 are supported and connected in properalignment in the following manner :-.ln erecting the ni'old for formingwhat may be called the foundation section oi the walls of the building,blocks 8 are laid on the ground transversely of the proposed. walls,said blocks being provid'ed in their upper surtaces with notches 9,adapted to receivethe lower edges of the mold sections or panels 6 and7, said notches 9 being spaced proper distances apart to define spacesbetween the walls 1 and and 2 and 4c equal to the thickness of thesections a, (t of the walls of the building, and the intermediate walls3 and i being spaced proper distances apart to define the dead air spacea and said blocks 8 being spaced at such intervals that each moldsection or'pa nel 6 and 7 will rest upon least two of said blocks 8.

The notches 9 in the blocks 8 will define the alignment of the walls ofthe, inold and also of the finished walls the'building andsaid blocks 8will accordingly be laid with the notches 9 for the different walls ofthe mold in alignment with each other and corresponding to the proposedalignment of thewall's of the building.

Having placed the blocks 8 in proper positions the mold sections orpanels 6 form ing the outer walls 1 and 2 are placed in position end toend with their lower edges resting in theHouter notches 9 and arerigidly connected b suitable means, consisting, as shown, of tie-rods10, threaded to the projecting ends of which are nuts adapted to bearagainst the outer sides of the mold walls l an'd'2, said walls beingspaced apart by tubular members 11, inserted over the tie-rods 10. Asshown each set of sections or panels 6 is thus connected by tie-rods l0and tubular members 11 positioned substantially at their centers, inspaced relation vertically.

In case the spacing members 11 extended entirely through the concretewalls A, it possible, owing to the high conductivity oi said spacingmembers that under certain conditions as in extremely cold "math-e1;condensation might be produced on the inn'er sides of said wallsA'adjacen't' to salt spacing members, which might produce damp andsweaty areas surrounding said spacing members, which while they might beof limited size would nevertheless be very objection able.

V I propose to avoid this objectionable teature or condition byusing"spacing members 11- which are shorter thanit'he designedover- "allthickness of the walls A and in positioning said spacing members so thatthey will tively.

terminate short of either or both of the re mote sides of said walls.Also, toprevent the tie-rods 10 from becoming embedded in the walls A,when formed, removable thim blesrll are inserted over the ends of saidtie-rods, which extend from the ends 0t said spacing members to theouter faces of the outer mold walls 1 and 2 and are provided on theirouter ends with flanges which overlap the edges of the holes formed insaid outer mold walls to receive said thim bles. Said thimbles willpreferably be tapere'd to provide for withdrawing them trom the walls A,when formed. 7

As shown, the nuts threaded to the ends ill adapted to support saidsections or panels in alignment.- Many different means for thusconnecting the meeting edges or" said sections or PELDBlS'Wlll readilysuggest themselves to skilled mechanicsand I do not therefore desire tolimit myself to any particular means for this purpose.

Simple means for this purpose consists of bars 12, adapted to be engagedwith hooks 13, sec'uredat or adjacent to the upper edges of the ends ofsaid mold sections. Also it there isany tendency for the outer walls (iithe mold to sag outwardly under the weight of the concrete contained inthe mold the top edges of the sections or panels 6 of the outer walls 1and 2 may be rigidly eonnect'ed by suitable means. Bracessuitable forthis purpose can be readily provided by persons skilled in the art andit is, there fore, deemed unnecessary to illustrate such means. 7 r v 1The sections or panels 7 of the iutcrmediate walls '3 and 4 of the moldare made shorter than the clear distances between ad jacent spacingmembers lh and the outer walls 1 and 2 having-been erected the secti'ons or panels 7 forming the inner walls are inserted in position withtheir lower edges in'engagement with'the notches 9 in the blocks 8, asection or panel for each wall 3 and l-being inserted between ea 1 spacebetween adjacent tie-rods l0 and spacing members 11, said panels beingpreferablv positioned that they will be spaced sul tially equaldistances QIOIH the spacin n hers at the opp'osite ends therez With thisconstruction it spaces lt will be formed betweenadjacent mold sectionsor panels 7. In accordance with my invention said spaces 14% are adaptedto be closed so as to render said intermediate is obvious that V walls 3and 4 continuous by means of what l two symmetrical parts or sectionsand are adapted to be inserted into the spaces 1 1- one on each side ofthe spacing members 11- said sections of said filler plates beingprovided in their meeting edges with notches being so proportioned thatthey will fit the spacing members 11 closely, while at the same time,permitting adjacent edges of said filler plate sections to come intocontact with each other.

As shown, also, the vertical edges of sections or panels '7 and theedges of the filler plates 15 adapted to engage therewith, arecorrespondingly beveled as shown at 17, and the positions of said fillerplates to bring the inner sides thereof, disposed towards the wallsections a, a flush with the corresponding'sides of the mold walls 3 andat is defined by battens 18 secured thereto, wiiich are adapted tooverlap adjacent edges of the mold sections or panels 7, and which willalso close spaces or cracks between the edges of the filler plates andthe opposed edges of the opposite mold section.

The mold sections '7 and filler plate 15 having been assembled in themanner described, the mold walls 3 and i formedthere by are adapted tobe supported in desired spaced relation by means of what may bedesignated spacing members 21 which are substantially U-shape incroessection and are adapted to be placed upon the spacing members 11 ofthe outer mold walls with their ends resting against the sides of ti efiller plates '15 exposed in the dead airspace a the length of saidspacing 'members being substantially equal to the width of the dead airspace (4 To provide for conveniently removing the spacing membersinserted between the inner mold walls, which might otherwise bedifiicult to remove owing to the pressure. to which they would besubjected when the molds were filled with concrete andthe friction thusproduced between said spacing members and the mold walls, said spacingmembers preferably consist of two blocks 21 pivotally connected to theouter ends of the arms of toggle levers 21 the relation being such thatsaid toggle levers will be straight when said blocks 21 arein operativeposition, and may be withdrawn out of en gement with the inner moldwalls by fiexure of said toggle levers. I

After the mold walls have been erected, they may be adjusted to andsupported in plumb position by means of shores or braces shown at 22,Fig. 3.

My invention contemplates amold by means of which eachsuperposed'section of the walls of the building may be formed completeat a. single operation, the size and shape of the mold varying with thedesign and shape of the building which is to be erected.

Having erected the mold to form. a section of the wall of: th buildingthe spaces defined by the walls 1, 3, and 2, 4:, respectively, arefilled with concrete to form the walls a, a which are permitted to standuntil they set or harden sufiiciently to carry the next section of thewall to be erected on top thereof.

1V hen the walls of the building set and harden the tubular members 11,consisting preferably of pieces of gas pipe or the like suitable length.will be embedoed in the .walls of the building and will ri idly connectthe same across the dead air space a thereby tying the same togetherinto a very strong and. stable structure.

After any section of the wall has set and hardened the mold is thendetached and removed therefrom. To detach. the outer walls 1 and 2 ofthe mold it is merely necessary to remove the tie rods 10 and disengagethe bars 12 from the hooks 13 whereupon the panels 6 may be quickly andconveniently stripped from the walls a, a

To remove the interi'nediate walls 3 and a, the spacing members 21 aredisengaged trom the spacing members 11. Said spacing members may be;conveniently removed by m ans of hooked instrument in the nature of a je pole, the hook on which is adapted engage eyes formed on said. spacingmembers.

After said spacing members are withdrawn, the sections of the fillerplates 15 may be disengaged from the spaces 14 separating the ends ofadjacent panels 7; After said filler plates-have been disengaged fromsaid spaces 14, both said filler plates and mold sections or panels 7may be removed from the dead air space a now defined by the concretewall sections a, a

l or the convenience in removing said filler plates they are preferablyconnected at their upper ends by means of chains 24 or other flexibleconnection, which affords convenient means for engaging a hook with thesections of said filler plates and withdrawing them.

In the preferable construction shown, also. the spacing members 21 areeach connected to a section of an adjacent filler plate where by saidspacing members will be removed with said tiller plates, and insuringthat said spacing members will not fall to the bottom of'the dead airspace (6 from which it might be quite di'tlicult to remove them,particularly after the walls of the building had attained a.considerable height.

Having finished lower section of the walls of the building and the moldhaving been removed therefrom, all as described, said mold is againerected at the top of the finished portion of the wall, the means forand manner of supporting said mold thereon being as follows :Secured tothe outer sides of the wall sections a, a are angle bars 25,

a are angle bars 27 which form channels 28- adapted to receive the loweredges of the panels 7 and filler bars 15, forming the intermediate moldwalls 3 and 4. As shown, said angle bars 27 are supported. on thetubular spacing members 11, by means-of blocks 29 secured to the undersides of said angle bars, said blocks being provided with notches 30adapted to fit over said spacing members 11. Said angle bars 26 areadapted to be held tightly against the inner sides of the finished wallsections by the spacing 11181111 bers 21, which are inserted between theblocks 29 on theangle bars secured to different mold walls 3 and 4, insubstantially the same manner that they are inserted between the fillerplates 15 when erecting the first or foundation section of the wall.

The panels 6 and 7 and their filler plates 15 having been insertedin'position with their lower edges in engagement with the channelsformed by the angle bars 25 and 27, they will be secured together by thetie rods 10, spacing members 11, spacing members 21 and bars 12 andhooks 13, all as heretofore described in connection with the manner oferecting the molds for the first or foundation section of the wall ofthe building.

After they are connected, said molds will be plumbed and secured inposition by shores or props 31, in substantially the same manner as inerecting the mold for forming the first or foundation section of thewall.

As shown, Fig. 6, said shores or props areadjustable in length,consistingpreferably ofseparate overlapping sections 32 and 33 connectedby bolts 34 which extend through slots 35 formed lengthwise in theoverlapping ends thereof. The upper ends of said shores or props areadapted to be engaged beneath the projecting ends of the tie-rods 10and, as shown, in said Fig. 6, their lower ends rest upon the ground.

Obviously, however, it will be impractical to support the lower ends ofsaid shores or props on the ground when the walls of the building attainany considerable height. Under such conditions I contemplate supportingthe lower ends of said shores or props on brackets rigidly connected tothe lower walls section of the building and which project laterallytherefrom. a

This modification is shown in Fig. 11 of the drawings, in which,excepting as re- :gardsth'e means for supportingtheshores or props 31,the various parts and elements are the same as corresponding parts. andelements shown in Fig. 10 and are desig nated by the same referencecharacters'and need not be, again described in detail.

In what I now consider to be the preferable form thereof, the bracketsfor supporting the lower ends ofsaid' shores or props 31, designated 36are formed by angle bars bent between the ends into V-shape, which arerigidly connected at their inner ends to the angle bars 25, theirextreme inner ends being turned down, as shown at- 37, so as to bearagainst the walls A of the building below said angle bars '25. In prac-'tice, said V-shaped bars 36 will preferably be detachably secured to theangle bars 25. Simple means for this purpose'consists of headed studs38' secured in said angle bars 25 which are adapted to engage keyholeslots 39 formed in the downwardly projecting. ends 37 of theV-shapedangle bars closely adjacent to the arms of the brackets proper. Toinsure rigid engagement of said shores or props 31 with the outer endsof said angle bars 36, said angle bars are provided attheir. outer endswith sockets which are adapted to receive and confine the lower ends ofsaid shores or props. by what may be referred to as shoes 40 secured tosaid angle bars, said shoes being shaped to form sockets 41 of propersize and shape to receive the lower ends of said shores or props. Saidshoes 40 may be made of cast iron riveted or otherwise rigidly securedto said angle bars.

I claim: 7

1. Ina mold for forming concrete walls comprising sections separated byair spaces, thecombination of inner, outer and intermediatemold wallseach comprising a plurality of panels, means for, supporting said; moldwalls constructed and arranged to permit said mold walls to be detachedand removed from the concrete wall when formed,

As shown, said sockets are formed the means for supporting the inner andouter mold walls comprising members which define a space between saidmold walls cor responding to a desired over-all thickness of theconcrete wall and will become embedded therein, forming bonding membersrigidly connecting the sections of they finished concrete wall and willalso extend across. the, space between said sections, the panels formingthe intermediate mold walls being shorter than the distance betweenadjacent bonding members which connect the sections of the concretewalls, filler plates adapted for closing the spaces between adjacentpanels of said intermediate mold walls, said. filler plates comprisingseparate sections positioned at, opposite. sides of said bondingmembersand provided in their adjacent edges with notches adaptedtoreceive said bonding members, and means applied to said filler platesand wall panels to support them against the weight of concrete depositedinto the mold, said supporting means being carried on bonding membersconnecting formed sections of the concrete walls.

2. A mold form as specified in claim 1, in which battens on the fillerplates overlap the adjacent edges of the intermediate mold wall panels,and the means for supporting said mold wall panels and filler plates areapplied directly to said filler plates.

3. A mold form as specified in claim 1. in which the means forsupporting the intermediate mold wall panels and filler plates comprisesthrust members adapted to be removably interposed between opposite partsof the intermediate mold walls.

4. A mold form as specified in claim 1, in which battens on the fillerplates over lap the adjacent edges of the intermediate mold wall panels,and the means for supporting said intermediate mold wall panels andfiller plates comprises thrust members adapted to be removablyinterposed between opposite filler plates thereof.

5. A mold form as specified in claim 1, in which battens on the fillerplates overlap the adjacent edges of the intermediate mold wall panels,and the means for supporting said intermediate mold wall panels andfiller plates comprises thrust members adapted to be removablyinterposed between opposite filler plates thereof, said thrust membersconsisting of blocks and toggle levers which connect the same.

6. A mold form as specified in claim 1, in which battens on the fillerplates overlap the adjacent edges of the intermediate mold wall panels,and the means for supporting said intermediate mold wall panels andfiller plates comprises thrust members adapted to be removablyinterposed between opposite filler plates thereof, said thrust membersconsisting of blocks and toggle levers which connect the same, saidblocks being provided with grooves adapted to receive the bondingmembers on which they are supported.

7. In a mold for forming concrete walls comprising sections separated byair spaces and constructed in superposed sections, the combination ofouter and inner mold walls, and means for connecting and supporting saidwalls to form molds for forming sections of said concrete walls otherthan the foundation sections thereof, said means comprising angle barssecured adjacent to the tops of the finished portions of said concretewalls which define channels adapted to receive the lower edges of saidmold. walls.

8. A mold for forming concrete walls as specified in claim 7, comprisingmeans for supporting and plumbing said mold wall comprising bracketssecured to the angle bars attached to the finished sections of theconcrete walls, and shores inserted between said brackets and the innerand outer mold walls adjacent to their upper ends.

9. A mold for forming concrete walls as specified in claim 7, comprisingmeans for supporting and plumbing said mold walls comprising bracketsdetachably secured to the angle bars connected to the finished sectionsof the concrete walls, and shores inserted between said brackets and theinner and outer mold walls adjacent to their upper ends.

10. In a mold for forming concrete walls comprising sections separatedby air spaces, the combination of outer, inner and intermediate moldwalls, each comprising a plurality of panels, means for supporting saidmold walls constructed and arranged to permit the mold walls to bedetached and removed from the concrete walls when formed, saidsupporting means comprising members which define a space between saidmold walls corresponding to a desired overall thickness of the concretewalls and will become embedded in the sections thereof, forming bondingmembers rigidly connecting said concrete wall sections, the panelsforming the intermediate mold walls being shorter than the distancebetween. adjacent bonding members, filler plates adapted for closing thespaces between adjacent panels of said inner mold walls, said fillerplates comprising separate sections positioned at opposite sides of saidbonding members provided with notches in their adjacent edges adapted toreceive said bonding members, thrust members inserted between oppositefiller plates supported upon said bonding members, and flexible tiesconnecting the sections of said filler plates and other flexible tiesconnecting the thrust members with adjacent filler plate sections,whereby the sections of said filler plates attached thereto, and thethrust members can be withdrawn together.

11. In a mold for forming concrete walls comprising a plurality ofsuperposed sections, the combination of mold walls, and means forconnecting and supporting said mold walls to form molds for formingsections of said concrete walls other than the. foundation sectionthereof, comprising angle bars secured to the finished portions of saidwalls which define channels adapted to receive the lower edges of saidmold walls.

12. In a mold for forming concrete walls comprising a plurality ofsuperposed sections, the combination of mold walls, and means forconnecting and supporting said mold walls to form molds for formingsections of said concrete Walls other than the foundation sectionthereof, comprising angle bars secured to the finished portions of saidWalls Which define channels adapted to receive th lower edges of saidmold Walls, the means for securingsaid angle bars to the finishedportion of said concrete Wall comprising tie-rods inserted through holesformed in said Walls and in said angle bars,

18. In a mold for forming concrete Walls comprising a plurality ofspaced superposed sections, the combination of inner, outer andintermediate mold walls, and means for connecting and supporting saidWalls to form molds for forming sections of said concrete Walls otherthan the foundation sections thereof, comprising angle bars secured tothe finished portions of said concrete Walls which define channelsadapted to receive the lower edges of the intermediate mold Walls, the.means I for securing said angle bars to the concrete Wall sectionscomprising bars secured in the finished portion of said concrete wens,blocks secured to said angle chars provided with recesses adapted toslidaloly engage said supporting bars, and thrust members reinovablyinterposed between rigid parts of angle 1 bars applied to opposite Wallsections. I

In testimony that I claim the foregoing as my invention, I affix mysignature this ltth day of December, 1920. c

JOHN G. MoK-ENNA.

